What is the General Skilled Migration (GSM) Program?
Australia’s General Skilled Migration (GSM) program is one of the most common pathways to permanent residency for skilled workers who are not sponsored by an employer. It is designed to attract highly skilled individuals to fill workforce shortages across the country.
The GSM framework includes the following visas:
- Subclass 189 – Skilled Independent Visa
- Points-Tested Stream
- Hong Kong Stream (commenced 5 March 2022)
- New Zealand Stream was abolished on 1 July 2023
- Subclass 190 – Skilled Nominated Visa
- State/Territory Government nomination required
- Subclass 491 – Skilled Work Regional (Provisional) Visa
- Sponsored by an eligible relative in a designated regional area, or
- Nominated by a State/Territory Government
- Subclass 887 – Skilled Regional Visa
- Permanent visa following the 489 provisional pathway
- Subclass 191 – Permanent Residence (Skilled Regional) Visa
- Available to holders of 491 and 494 visas who meet residence, work, and income requirements
Key Requirements for GSM Applications
The GSM program operates on a points-based system (Schedule 6D), where applicants must score at least 65 points to be eligible. Points are awarded based on factors such as:
- Age (must be under 45 at time of invitation)
- English language competency (IELTS, PTE, or equivalent)
- Skilled employment (Australian and overseas)
- Educational qualifications
- Australian study requirements
- Regional study
- Credentialed community language (NAATI)
- Partner skills or English competency
- State/Territory nomination or family sponsorship
Tip: The time of invitation is crucial – your age, English test results, skills assessment, and qualifications must all be valid at this point.
State/Territory Nominations
Subclass 190 and 491 visas require State or Territory Government nomination (unless 491 is family-sponsored). Each State has its own occupation lists, criteria, and assessment processes. Some require a demonstrated commitment to live and work in the State or regional area.
- Subclass 190: Offers 5 additional points.
- Subclass 491: Offers 15 additional points, but applicants must live, work, or study in a designated regional area to be eligible for permanent residency via subclass 191.
Best Practices for Applicants
- Identify the correct pathway early (visa subclass, occupation list).
- Ensure your skills assessment is valid and occupation is on the relevant Skilled Occupation List.
- Maintain accurate and verifiable evidence of paid employment (contracts, payslips, tax documents).
- Keep English test results and other documents up to date.
- Be cautious when claiming points – incorrect claims may trigger Public Interest Criterion (PIC) 4020, which can result in refusal.
The GSM program remains a highly competitive pathway to Australian permanent residency. With frequent changes to visa subclasses, occupation lists, and State/Territory requirements, staying informed and seeking professional advice is essential.
If you are considering applying under the General Skilled Migration program, we recommend speaking to an immigration lawyer to assess your eligibility and guide you through the process.
Contact Australian Migration Law today for tailored advice.
Disclaimer
The content of this article is for information purposes only. Whilst every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the materials contained here and incorporated by reference, this article is not intended to constitute legal or immigration advice or assistance.
No person should act on the basis of the material contained in this presentation without obtaining advice relevant to their own circumstances and without considering and taking professional advice as may be necessary.
For tailored advice and comprehensive assistance with your migration matter, contact our experienced Australian immigration lawyers today. You can reach us by email at admin@australianmigrationlaw.com.au or phone +61 407 662 682 to obtain further guidance.